The performance of Lithium-ion batteries used in Electric Vehicles (EVs) is influenced by several critical factors, including undervoltage, overvoltage, overcharging, over-discharging, cell voltage imbalance, and thermal runaway. Among these, cell voltage imbalance is especially significant, as variations in cell voltages within a battery pack can accelerate capacity degradation. Prolonged charging and discharging cycles further intensify this imbalance, reducing overall battery efficiency and lifespan. To ensure long-term reliability, it is essential to periodically equalize cell voltages and minimize discrepancies between individual cells. Cell balancing techniques are broadly classified into passive and active methods. This study presents a modelling and simulation analysis of three balancing approaches for a 4-cell Lithium-ion EV battery system using MATLAB: fixed resistor and switched shunt resistor techniques for passive balancing, and the inductive shuttling method for active balancing. A detailed performance evaluation is conducted for each method to assess their effectiveness in achieving optimal voltage equalization.